A 4 link suspension setup typically provides better handling while a 3 link system is simpler and less expensive. Suspension geometry and installation expenses are the major distinctions between the two.
A 4 link suspension setup is more complex and requires precise geometry to perform, whereas a 3 link suspension is simpler but not as adaptable.
The 3 link setup also necessitates the use of a panhard bar or watts link and is more susceptible to axle wrap, while the 4 link’s improved geometry and adjustability can prevent this.
The 4 link system is the preferred choice for high-performance applications that require adjustments to the suspension geometry to optimize handling characteristics.
On the other hand, a 3 link system is an easier and less expensive option that is ideal for daily drivers who do not need high-performance suspension features.
Introduction To Suspension Systems
When considering suspension systems, the choice between 3 link and 4 link suspension is crucial. A 3 link suspension offers simplicity and ease of maintenance, while a 4 link suspension provides better axle control and stability, especially in off-road conditions.
The decision depends on the specific requirements of the vehicle and intended use. Suspension systems play a crucial role in the overall performance and handling of a vehicle.
They are responsible for providing a smooth and comfortable ride, as well as ensuring optimal traction and stability.
Two popular suspension setups that are commonly used in off-road vehicles are the 3 link suspension and the 4 link suspension.
In this article, we will explore the basics of vehicle suspension, the evolution of suspension design, and the key differences between the 3 link and 4 link suspension systems.
Basics Of Vehicle Suspension
Before we delve into the specifics of the 3 link and 4 link suspension systems, let’s first understand the basics of vehicle suspension.
The suspension system of a vehicle consists of various components that work together to absorb shocks and vibrations from the road surface. These components include springs, shock absorbers, control arms, and linkages.
The primary function of the suspension system is to maintain the contact between the tires and the road surface, ensuring stability and control.
It achieves this by allowing the wheels to move up and down independently of the vehicle body, thereby minimizing the transfer of vibrations and impacts to the occupants.
Evolution Of Suspension Design
Over the years, suspension design has evolved significantly, with advancements in technology and engineering.
The goal has always been to improve ride quality, handling, and off-road capabilities. One notable development in suspension design is the introduction of link suspensions.
Link suspensions provide better articulation and traction compared to traditional leaf spring suspensions.
They allow for more independent movement of the wheels, which is essential for off-road driving. The 3 link and 4 link suspensions are variations of this design, each offering its own advantages and disadvantages.
Let’s now explore the differences between the 3 link and 4 link suspension systems, and understand which one might be the better choice for your off-road vehicle.
What is 3 Link Suspension?
A 3 link suspension is a type of multi-link suspension with three lateral arms and control links. The arms on the 3-link suspension are not necessarily of equal lengths. They are angled away from their direction.
The lateral arms of the 3-link suspension have a rubber bushing or spherical joint each at their end. This component enables them to work in compression and tension instead of bending.
What is 4 link Suspension?
A 4-link suspension is another type of multi-link suspension with four lateral arms and control links.
The four-link suspension uses 2 links on each side of the axle, with one sitting at the top and the other located at the bottom. This is a major factor that distinguishes 3 link vs. 4 link vs. 5 link.
Each of the 2 links has a specific mounting spot on the axle, and the other mounting point is on the chassis.
A 4 link suspension is surely a great upgrade system for your vehicle, especially for off-road driving. It automatically improves the vehicle’s ride quality and performance.
There are basically two types of 4 link suspension systems, which are; triangulated and parallel four-link suspension.
Pros And Cons Of 3-link And 4-link Suspension
3-link Suspension
Pros
The 3-link suspension comes with unique advantages that you may want to consider before concluding whether it is worth it or not. Some of the pros of a 3-link suspension include the following:
- Offers more suspension travel.
- Easy installation around the exhaust, engine, and other components.
- Delivers more strength in carrying sideload.
- Provides efficient cornering function.
Cons
Although the 3 link rear suspension and front suspension have a number of advantages, it is also important to recognize the following cons:
- Requires a track bar to prevent the axle from moving right to left.
- Too much stress is exerted on upper links from side loads.
- Tracker bar failure may cause the front end to flop over to one side.
4-link Suspension
Pros
A 4-link suspension offers a couple of advantages. Some of the advantages of this suspension system include the following:
- Relatively easier to build and install
- Doesn’t take up a lot of space, offering more room for other chassis components
- You may run an inboard or outboard setup, depending on your needs
Cons
Besides the advantages outlined above, the 4 link suspension also comes with some cons that you may have to note before you opt for this component. The cons of 4 link suspension include:
- Higher chances of axle roll and flex steer
- Requires a Panhard bar to stabilize the axle’s side-to-side movement
- This adds extra cost
3 link vs. 4 link Differences
Although both the 3-link and 4-link suspensions are wonderful components, they have some slight differences. Some of the common differences include the following.
| Attribute | 3 Link Suspension | 4 Link Suspension |
| Adjustability | The structures of the 3 links meet each other at a single hole so that none of them can be adjusted. | The adjustable axle can be pivoted on, and rotated to either side, to facilitate a bare minimum setup. |
| Performance | Designed to meet the demands of motorists of on-track racing vehicles, high-performance racing cars are put into operation. | Drag racing cars with high horsepower can excel at motorsport with this suspension’s superior performance. |
| Installation | The simple fact is that the engine, exhaust, and other such components will not be altered during installations. | During installation, may need to work on the exhaust system. |
| Cornering Capacity | Offers incredible cornering capacity without any binding issue | Cornering capability might be affected due to binding issues |
Choosing The Right Suspension For Your Vehicle
When deciding between 3 link suspension and 4 link suspension for your vehicle, it’s crucial to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each to ensure optimal performance.
Understanding the key factors and expert recommendations can help you make an informed decision.
Factors To Consider
- Vehicle Type: Consider the make and model of your vehicle.
- Driving Style: Evaluate your typical driving conditions and preferences.
- Budget: Determine your budget for suspension upgrades.
- Performance Goals: Define your desired performance outcomes.
Expert Recommendations
- Consult with a professional mechanic or suspension specialist.
- Consider the specific needs and requirements of your vehicle.
- Research customer reviews and feedback on different suspension systems.
- Test drive vehicles with 3 link and 4 link suspensions for comparison.
3 Link Suspension Vs 4 Link Suspension – Suitability
Imagine you just have grabbed a brand new set of suspension or just have built it up on your own.
But, when you’re in real-life experience, you just have realized that you have made a great mistake.
Yes, it sucks when you don’t pick the suitable one for your preference. So, check which driving conditions 4 links and 3 link suspensions are suitable.
3 Link Suspension
In the ideal circumstances, the three-link suspension is most responsive with a vertical bar that is straight, long, and level at ride height.
But it should also be as parallel and the same in length to the linkage link as possible to reduce bump steer throughout the range of motion of the suspension.
Unlike a four-link suspension, a 3 link suspension allows for the axle to move from side to side as it rises and falls, but in most cases, the 3 link suspension is more straightforward to package than a triangulated four-link.
4 Link Suspension
To prevent bump steer, the system often requires full hydraulic steering when the axle moves in an arc since the steering box with a drag link near the frame mount of the upper suspension link has a crossover link.
We’ve observed complex steering systems with steering boxes or clevises proximate to the upper steering box, and upper and lower oval links, each of which connects to a crossbar.
With the front triangulated 4-link comparatively lightweight, the four-link setup can be set up without the need for several wheels to face away from the center of the automobile.
When you’re driving on a street, we do not typically suggest the use of a four-link suspension.
3 Link Vs 4 Link Suspension – Installation
No doubt, installation is one of the most important factors you have to bear in mind. A suspension system with easy installation is always preferable. When it’s about installing a 3-link suspension, you don’t need to alter any component of your vehicle.
Whilst, for the 4-link suspension, the installation will affect the exhaust system. However, here we’re going to demonstrate installation processes for both of these suspensions.
3 Link Suspension
When you’re upgrading your truck, it’s important to keep in mind the various installation methods. Whether you’re installing a 3-link suspension or not, make sure to follow these simple steps:
- Locate your truck’s frame rails and the locations of the shocks. Mark these locations with a pencil or whiteboard.
- Place the upper and lower control arms on the frame rails where they will be electrified (marked with white lines). The shock towers should already be installed, but you may need to remove them for this step.
- Install the shock towers onto the control arms using Comet Clamp fittings and screws (if using a 3-link suspension).
- Make sure that all of the shock mounts are in place before continuing to install other parts of your suspension system.
4 Link Suspension
Adding a 4-link suspension to your truck is a great way to improve handling, performance, and overall driving experience. The installation process is simple and will take only a few minutes. Here are some tips to help you get started:
- Rename the links in your truck’s axle using a straight edge or cutting torch. This will ensure that the suspension is properly aligned and connected.
- Use an appropriately sized wrench to attach each link to the axle housing. Don’t over-tighten the connections, as this could lead to instability and poor handling.
- Make sure that all of the hardware needed for the 4-link suspension has been installed before beginning the installation process. These include nuts, bolts, hangers, and other necessary parts.
3 Link Vs 4 Link Suspension – Design and Working Mechanism Comparison
Design and working mechanism are two of the most significant factors that distinguish a 3-link suspension from its 4-link counterpart.
So, when deciding which type of Suspension to use for your truck, it is important to first understand the different designs and working mechanisms. Let’s analyze these two distinct facts first.
3 Link Suspension
A three-link triangulated on the lower two anchors of the frame rails and pinned to a single upper anchor is an allowed front-middle link with lump-sum otherwise known as a Panhard bar.
This is usually constructed with one frame rail attached to each of the lower anchors and one upper anchor running parallel to the frame rails.
Since the Panhard bar (also known as a track bar) runs perpendicular from the frame rail to the axle, it controls sideways movement.
4 Link Suspension
The degree to which the wheel can swivel in one of four different directions is primarily dependent upon the four-link suspension.
In this technique, two of the four links must be strengthened either from the automobile to the frame or from the machine to the cross member to keep the automobile from moving.
Some suspension manufacturers position the bottom two links as well as the upper two positions, however, you just need a single of these pairs. The four links combined keep the automobile axle from moving.
FAQs.
Q: What is better a 3-link or 4-link suspension?
Determining which is better between a 3-link or 4-link suspension depends on the setup you desire to fix on your vehicle. However, a three-link suspension fits more around the exhaust, engine, etc.
Also, a three-link is void of binding issues when turning a corner. This is not the case with a four-link suspension. The binding issue is a major challenge.
Meanwhile, the 4-link suspension is better with drag racing cars that are fitted with high horsepower engines. But this is not compatible with a 3-link suspension. So, if you drive a drag race car, using a 4-link suspension would be best.
Q: What is the point of 4 link suspension?
A 4-link suspension is designed to use links to locate a vehicle’s axle from moving from side to side, as well as front to back in the process of allowing the component to move up and down to articulate.
Running a 4-link is extremely amazing; however, doing it right requires expertise, time, and money.
Auto experts assert that a 4-link that is properly designed and tested will eventually provide a top-notch power translation to the ground. It also offers a superior ride quality.
Q: Is 4 link suspension good for cornering?
A four-link suspension has a slight binding challenge when cornering; hence, it’s not nice for this purpose. However, it is a wonderful suspension for drag race cars with high horsepower engines.
If you’re contemplating 3-link Vs. 4-link in drag racing, a 4-link suspension’s performance delivers maximum satisfaction for drag racing.
Meanwhile, a 3-link suspension delivers more efficiency for cornering because it does not have the binding problem as in the case of 4 link.
This type of suspension is perfectly okay for road racing and autocross. As a matter of fact, factory five racing (FFR) cars utilize the 3-link suspension.
Q: Do you need a track bar with a 4 link?
Of course not! A 4-link does not require a rear track bar for proper functioning. This is an excellent benefit for vehicles with a four-link.
The absence of the track bar enables the axle to travel upward and downward without being pulled back and forth beneath the vehicle’s frame.
This occurs as the axle droops and compresses. Also, the absence of the track bar also means more axle articulation or flex for your vehicle. This is yet another advantage of the 4 link when comparing the 3 link vs. 4 link front suspension.
Q: Is 4 link better than radius arms?
Again, using a 4 link or radius arm also depends on whether you need the component for an on-road or off-road vehicle.
A 4 link suspension is better for an on-road vehicle because the component maintains a firm, constant caster angle while the suspension oscillates both up and down.
Conversely, a radius arm is stronger and it has a few moving parts that are capable of wearing out within a short time. However, the 4 link suspension seems to offer an overall better performance than the radius arm.
Q: Does a triangulated 4 link need a sway bar?
No, a triangulated 4 link does not need a sway bar. The presence of the bar will hinder the left and right movement of the triangulated rear four-link. Of course, the absence of the bar is an awesome benefit in this case.
However, the sway bar has a couple of benefits in the operations of a vehicle. It improves the vehicle’s handling, especially when turning corners.
The component controls the weight transfer of the vehicle, including the body roll. In any case, the bar hinders the proper functioning of the 4-link suspension.
Final Words
Trucks and other tough terrain vehicle enthusiasts debate a lot about 3-link Vs. 4-link. A lot of people have varying opinions about both types of suspension links. However, the vital information you need about these suspension types has been captured in this article.
However, ascertaining the best suspension type for a vehicle among these two depends on the type of vehicle and the purpose of upgrading to either 3-link or 4-link.
Therefore, ensure to check out the 3-link vs. 4-link pros and cons before deciding on a particular suspension type.