When your vehicle’s windshield wiper fluid fails to spray, it can be a real inconvenience, especially during a drive.
From having no fluid emerging from the nozzle to only one side working or even none at all, it’s clear something’s wrong.
Regardless of what the symptoms are, this article is for you. We will examine the causes of this malfunction, provide tips to fix it and estimate how much it will cost to replace the washer pump.
Sit back and enjoy while I walk you through easy do-it-yourself guides to repair your windshield washer.
What is Wiper Fluid?
Wiper fluid is a mixture of water, alcohol, and cleaning detergents that each serve an important purpose. The detergents and water clean the glass on the windshield, while the alcohol keeps the liquid from freezing during the colder months of the year.
The fluid also works to lubricate the windshield wiper mechanical arms, which are constantly exposed to the elements and can deteriorate after years.
How Does a Windshield Washer System Work?
Before diagnosing the problem, we’ll help break down how your washer system operates!
When you activate the windshield washer switch, an electric pump draws the fluid from the reservoir and pushes it through small hoses to spray nozzles mounted on the hood or windshield cowl.
The nozzles then distribute the fluid onto the glass, allowing the wipers to clear away dirt and debris. If any part of this system fails, the washer fluid will not spray properly.
What would cause Windshield wiper fluid not coming out?
#1. Empty Tank.
You probably use more windshield washer fluid than you think. After many miles of cleaning off bug guts, you may have emptied the reservoir without knowing it.
If you hear the system running but don’t see any fluid, this is one of the most common causes. Thankfully, the fix is simple and we will discuss it in a minute.
#2. Clogged Nozzle.
The nozzle that is responsible for spraying out the fluid, is in a place where debris can affect it. This nozzle is even more susceptible to debris and contaminants if you park under a tree.
When the nozzle gets too much gunk inside, the spray can no longer force through. There’s not a clear path for the fluid to travel to the windshield, so you end up getting nothing.
#3. Clogged Hose.
The same thing can happen with the hose that leads from the reservoir to the nozzle. A clog is possible in the hose, restricting the fluid.
There’s also the chance that the hose has become damaged and can no longer send out washer fluid. If the hose is broken or torn, you may see the fluid running out under the car.
#4. Blown Fuse.
Automotive fuses ensure that there are no shorts in the electrical system, which would otherwise fry expensive equipment. Instead of harming the electronics, a short simply blows the fuse.
If the windshield wiper fuse has blown, you won’t be able to get any fluid from the pump. When you push the stalk to spray the windshield, nothing happens.
#5. Defective Windshield Washer Pump.
Another common cause is a defective washer pump. This pump is needed to push the fluid from the reservoir, through the hose and out of the nozzle.
As with any mechanical part, it’s only going to last so long. The life of this pump is even less if you run the washer fluid regularly.
#6. Frozen Fluid.
If you live in an area that gets below freezing, you know all the ways the temperature can hurt your vehicle. What you may not have known is that the washer fluid can also freeze up.
If you park in a garage, you may not have this problem as frequently. Even if it does freeze up, it shouldn’t take long to warm it back up into a liquid.
#7. Electrical Issue.
There’s always the chance that an electrical malfunction is causing your problems. There could be a lack of power coming from the car battery.
Otherwise, the connectors running to the pump may be loose or damaged. If any of the connections are loose, you may notice that the pump works sporadically, depending on how bumpy the ride is.
How do you fix if Windshield wiper fluid not coming out?
Follow these steps to diagnose and fix your windshield pump issue carefully.
Step 1: Inspect the windshield Washer pump.
A wiper fluid pump not working is caused by low fluid in the reservoir, causing overheating of the motor. Here is how to test the windshield washer pump:
- To inspect the pump, turn your ignition to the accessory position.
- Push the sprayer button and pay attention to the whining or buzzing sound from the hood.
- If you don’t hear any sound that the engine is working, you need to replace the washer pump.
- You may need to drain the windshield washer fluid if you think it is contaminated.
Step 2: Check for leaks.
If the pump is working fine, you want to inspect for leakages in the system. Check for puddles of water under the vehicle.
Leakage may happen from cracked reservoirs or broken lines. Here is how to spot them:
- Fill the reservoirs and watch for leaking around the container.
- Inspect the washer lines for brakes or cracks. First, disconnect the line from the nozzle. The lines are fine if water comes out at the end of the line without leaking.
- Check the plastic connector fittings. These fittings are prone to break or get clogged. So ensure neither is the cause.
Step 3: Check for a clogged pump filter.
If you have done steps one and two and still not getting water, check for a clogged pump filter. Debris may have covered the filters due to prolonged dryness. If so, replace the filter with a new one, or you can try to clean the dirt off with water.
Step 4: Clear the clogged nozzle.
Also, the nozzle may be clogged with dirt, so you must clear the blockage or have the nozzle replaced. If you are tight on budget, here is how to clear the nozzle.
- Get a thin pin that can fit into the nozzle.
- Unclog the nozzle using the pin.
- Try spraying to see if the nozzle is free.
- Repeat the process to attain the desired result if the windshield wiper fluid barely comes out.
Note: If the front windscreen washer is not working, but the back is, repeat these steps for the back windscreen.
Step 5: Use anti-freeze wiper fluid.
Anti-freeze wiper fluids have freezing points as low as -50℉ and are great for winter. However, if your fluids freeze in the reservoir, simply let your car warm for a few minutes. The heat of the engine will defrost the fluid.
We recommend packing in warm surroundings or a garage to keep the fluids warm.
How to Test Windshield Washer Pump?
If your windshield is dirty and you can’t seem to clean it with your wipers, it may be time to test your windshield washer pump. This guide will show you how to do just that.
What You’ll Need
- A voltmeter or test light
- A helper (optional)
Instructions
- Park your car in a safe place where you can work on it. Make sure the engine is turned off before beginning any work.
- Locate the windshield washer fluid reservoir. It should be near the front of the engine compartment on the driver’s side of the car.
- Using a voltmeter or test light, check for power at the pump terminal. If there is no power, check the fuse for the windshield washer circuit and replace if necessary.
- If there is power at the pump terminal, have a helper depress the windshield wiper lever while you listen for noise from the pump. If you don’t hear anything, then the pump is likely faulty and will need to be replaced.
What Kind of Windshield Washer Fluid Should I Use?
Not all washer fluids are created equal. Depending on your climate and driving conditions, you should choose a fluid that meets your needs:
- Standard washer fluid works well in mild climates and for general use.
- De-icing fluid is great for winter conditions. Its formula prevents freezing and helps melt ice on your windshield.
- Bug-removing fluid contains special additives to break down bugs, road grime, and tree sap.
- All-season fluid is highly versatile and works in various temperatures and conditions.
Using the correct fluid will prevent freezing, ensure clear visibility, and extend the life of your washer system!
How much does it cost to replace a windshield washer pump?
The total cost of windshield washer pump replacement in 2023 will range between $65 and $225. Labor costs are estimated between $70 and $100, while the pump cost anywhere from $60 to $80.
FAQs.
Q: Why is my windshield wiper fluid full but won’t spray?
If the fluid does not spray, the hose could be damaged. If washer fluid did not spray after completing this test, pull back the shield under the hood cover and inspect the hoses for looseness, a tear or damage, or a disconnection from the nozzle.
Q: Why is my wiper fluid not spraying after refill?
If the wiper fluid is not spraying after refill it could be because: broken wiper fluid reservoir, broken wiper fluid pump or clogged wiper fluid nozzle.
Q: How do you unclog windshield wiper sprayers?
Use a pin to clear deep blockages. If wiping blockages does not enough to clear the jets out for washer fluid to spray, use a pin or needle to clear the holes. You will press a pin into each hole on the jet, then remove and wipe any clogs that come out with the pin.
Q: Why is my windshield wiper fluid symbol not going away?
The sensor that measures fluid level is not working. There could be a couple of reasons for this like dirty that settled in the reservoir, the foil cap coming off of the washer fluid jug into the tank or you did not use washer fluid and used straight water instead.
Q: Is there a fuse for windshield wipers?
Before the wiper motor goes bad, you are likely to get a blown wiper fuse, this is intended. Blowing a fuse is a weak point in the circuit, to help protect the wiper motor, the fuse is the point that is designed to blow in case the wiper motor is overloaded.
Conclusions
Promptly addressing issues with your windshield wiper fluid is essential for your safety. Clear visibility is crucial in avoiding potential hazards.
If the problem persists despite following these steps, don’t hesitate to seek professional help or visit “windscreen washer repair near me.”